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Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) - Treatment and Prevention

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OrthoHeal
14 June 2018

What is Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) ?
When blood moves too slowly through your veins, it can cause a clump of blood cells known as 'blood clot'. When a blood clot forms in a vein deep inside your body, it is called as “deep vein thrombosis” (DVT). This is most common disorders that happen in lower leg, thigh or pelvis.
A blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the legs
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) - cause and symptom
A thrombus either arises spontaneously or is caused by clinical conditions including surgery, trauma, or prolonged bed rest. Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis relies on imaging techniques such as ultrasonography or venography. Only about 25% of symptomatic patients have a thrombus.

Relevant data for the frequency of deep vein thrombosis derive from large community-based studies because they mainly reflect symptomatic rather than asymptomatic disease. In a systematic review, the incidence of first deep vein thrombosis in the general population was 0·5 per 1000 person-years. The disorder is rare in children younger than 15 years, but its frequency increases with age, with incidence per 1000 person-years of 1·8 at age 65–69 years and 3·1 at age 85–89 years.


Risk - Blood Clots That can Kill: 
Risk for first deep vein thrombosis seems to be slightly higher in men than in women. In a population-based cohort study, the age-adjusted incidence of first venous thromboembolism was 1·3 per 1000 person-years in men and 1·1 per 1000 person-years in women.

Preventing from Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT),  a blood clot that forms in a vein deep in the body can break loose and cause a serious problem in the lung, called a pulmonary embolism, or a heart attack or stroke.

Treatment
The treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) includes medication such as blood thinners or anticoagulants and use of compression stockings. There are two main types of blood thinners -  Anticoagulants such as heparin or warfarin (also called Coumadin) slow down your body's process of making clots. Antiplatelet drugs, such as aspirin, prevent blood cells called platelets from clumping together to form a clot. Compression stockings are specially designed to apply pressure to your lower legs, helping to maintain blood flow and reduce discomfort and swelling. 

Prevention
It can be prevented with regular exercise and maintaining proper diet : 
  1. Do regular exercise to lower your risk of blood clots and DVT. Moderate daily exercise helps improve blood circulation. It even helps fight obesity, one of the risk factors of DVT.
  2. Include good amount of Ginger, Cayenne Pepper, Turmeric and eat foods rich in Vitamin E -Food enrich with vitamin K and E prevent from DVT
  • Ginger plays a great role in treating DVT. A natural salicylate, it can block vitamin K and thin the blood. It also boosts blood circulation in arteries and veins. Plus, it helps prevent high cholesterol, which can cause plaque buildup and inhibit circulation.
  • Cayenne Pepper is a natural blood thinner also helps in the treatment of DVT. The compound capsaicin in cayenne pepper promotes blood circulation and helps prevent blood clots. It also strengthens the arteries and capillaries.
  • Turmeric is wonderful spice also has blood-thinning properties and can help improve circulation. Curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, helps prevent blood platelets from forming clots. It also reduces the risk of plaque buildup in the arteries. Its anti-inflammatory property helps reduce pain and swelling.
  • Vitamin E contains antiplatelet and anticoagulant properties that help prevent blood clots. It inhibits platelet aggregation and antagonizes the effects of clotting factors. According to a 2007 study published in the Circulation journal, vitamin E supplementation may reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism and those with a prior history or genetic predisposition may particularly benefit. Foods like walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts, sunflower seeds, olive oil, spinach, broccoli, and avocado are rich source of Vitamin E.
*Acknowledgments - Prof P A Kyrle MD, Prof S Eichinger MD, Medical University of Vienna, Department of Internal Medicine I, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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